Low-molecular wax types

Time：

2021-11-09

Low-molecular-weight wax is a series of oligomers with different properties, which are produced from various polyethylene (homopolymer or copolymer), polypropylene, polystyrene or other high-molecular modified substances through cracking and oxidation. Its main products include five major categories: homopolymers, oxidized homopolymers, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymers, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, and low molecular weight ionomers. Among them, polyethylene wax is the most common.

The average relative molecular mass of commonly used polyethylene wax is 1500-4000, and its softening point is 102℃. The average relative molecular mass of polyethylene wax of other specifications is 10,000-20,000, and its softening point is 106℃. The long-chain molecules of oxidized polyethylene wax carry a certain amount of ester groups or soap groups, thus having a relatively balanced internal and external lubricating effect on PVC, PE, PP and ABS, with good results, and also having good transparency. As there are many types of dispersants and the actual application environments are diverse, it is very important to choose the appropriate dispersant.

Polyethylene glycol 200 or 400 (with a molecular weight of approximately 190-420) is an excellent dispersant/solubilizer/wetting agent/solvent for water-soluble dispersion systems. Polyethylene glycol 200 or 400 is lipophilic and can form a stable dispersion system well with dispersions that have a lower hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value (HLB value).

Fatty acids, aliphatic amides and esters

Select the dispersant

Fatty acids, aliphatic amides and esters

Select the dispersant

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Addition curve method

Gradually drop a relatively concentrated pigment fraction solution into a thick water slurry made of a certain amount of pigment/pigment mixture under stirring, and measure the viscosity each time it is added. The lowest point of the quantity/viscosity curve used as a pigment dispersant represents the optimal dosage of the dispersant.

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Daniel Flow point determination method

Gradually add the water solvent of the dispersant to a certain amount of pigment/pigment mixture with a dropper, and carefully grind it evenly with a small scraper until the ground pigment paste can flow down from the scraper. Calculate the ratio of the pigment fraction to the pigment.

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The principle of double electric layers

The dispersants used in water-based coatings must be water-soluble and they are selectively adsorbed onto the interface between the powder and water. The commonly used type is anionic. They ionize in water to form anions and have certain surface activity, which are adsorbed by the surface of the powder. After the powder particles adsorb the dispersant on their surface, a double electric layer is formed. The anions are closely adsorbed by the particle surface and are called surface ions. Ions with opposite charges in a medium are called counterions. They are electrostatically adsorbed by surface ions. Some of the counterions are relatively tightly bound to the particles and surface ions, and they are called bound counterions. They become a moving whole in the medium, carrying a negative charge, while another part of the counterions surround them. They are called free counterions and form a diffusion layer. In this way, a double electric layer is formed between the surface ions and the counterions.

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